If at Shaolin Temple, the novice monks have to practice simple, repetitive exercises such as carrying water, standing up... to have enough foundation for more difficult movements later, the same goes for translation. Before translating difficult content, we need to practice through introductory "operations".
How can we know if a person is good at martial arts or not? What criteria do we rely on? Efficiency – a single blow knocks out an opponent? Aesthetics – graceful movements and punch lines executed like a piece of music? If you understand the principles of martial arts so well that you can neutralize all moves but don't know how to practice, is that considered good? Each person is different and we cannot impose certain standards on anyone.
The same is true in translation. Most translators I have known do not have standards in their work (but is there anything that has clear standards in this chaotic age like today?).
In terms of translation standards, Baidu's iQiyi online movie platform recently released a series called "Our Translator" (我们的翻译官), with the participation of well-known actors. famous as Tran Tinh Huc in the main role of a technology entrepreneur who is developing an "instant" translation application (that is, if a person speaks language A, the "translator" machine will translate it into language B almost immediately). like at the same time (very small delay, just under 1 second). And the movie discusses a lot about the story of "AI translation" is better and can replace humans?
This question is of course problematic because it lacks specificity. Humans at their best are certainly superior to AI in many aspects, but most humans are in poor health and weak mental ability, so of course they are not as good as AI that is constantly improving. And returning to the movie "Our Translator", the movie discusses a translation standard set by one of the people who made a significant contribution to transferring Western culture to China, Nghiem Phuc (8 January 1854 - October 27, 1921), a man who came from a family of medical practitioners, but his father died early so he had to change his career to the navy and fate led him to translate many fundamental works of literature. Western inventions into Chinese such as The Wealth of Nations by Adam Smith, On Liberty by John Stuart Mill, De l'Esprit des Lois by Montesquieu,... (you can refer to details about Nghiem Phuc in the link in the comment).
But the important thing that the movie mentions is the translation principle that he proposed: TRUST - DATA - NHA. Faith means being faithful to the original; Achieving means expressing the right idea so that the reader can receive the content of the original; Elegant means good, beautiful... in general, it meets certain aesthetic criteria and is not vulgar.
Let's not discuss whether Nghiem Phuc's criteria are worth following or not, but let's talk about its difficulty and controversy. If the original is wrong (very common, not rare, the author is also human, everyone is wrong sometimes), then how should Tin understand? Should I arbitrarily edit it or keep it as it is and make comments? How to handle the Pass criterion because it depends on the reader and the writing habits of an entire era. You cannot be sure 100% that the reader will fully understand the content you write no matter how hard you try -> clearly identifying who your reader is, then knowing how to express it is called Achieving. The Nha criterion is really troublesome. If you try to get Nha but lose Tin, how will you handle it? What is considered elegant? Eloquent writing stirs readers' emotions? Confident, friendly tone? Is the language rich in images, taking the reader into a beautiful scene?
Perhaps finding translation standards will take a lot of time and each person will have their own set of "martial arts".
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